What you need to know about Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)

It’s one of the many viruses that cause cold-like illnesses, and most people will have been exposed to it by age five, typically developing some immunity. It tends to be more common in winter, but seasonal spikes vary from year to year. Like many respiratory viruses, it spreads through coughing, sneezing, and contact with contaminated surfaces.

Since October, China has seen a rise in respiratory infections, including HMPV, as part of the seasonal trend. The National Disease Control and Prevention Administration (NCDPA) has ramped up surveillance and testing, which may partly explain the increased number of reported cases. While this uptick in cases is in line with normal seasonal patterns, it highlights the strain respiratory viruses can place on healthcare systems during winter months.

Symptoms of HMPV

HMPV symptoms resemble those of the common cold: cough, fever, runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, and wheezing. It’s also not uncommon for HMPV to cause upper respiratory infections.

While mild cases usually improve on their own, if you experience a lingering cough or worsening symptoms that persist after a few days, it’s recommended to seek medical advice.

Some individuals, especially children under five, older adults, and those with chronic respiratory diseases, may experience more severe illness.

Transmission of HMPV

HMPV is primarily spread through close contact and respiratory droplets from coughing and sneezing. It is a seasonal virus which is most prevalent in the winter and early spring.

Diagnosis and treatment of HMPV

Because HMPV usually results in mild illness, specific tests are rarely needed. However, severe cases can be diagnosed through a throat or nose swab. There is no antiviral treatment for HMPV; managing symptoms with fluids and over-the-counter remedies is common. More severe cases may require hospitalisation, particularly in those with underlying health conditions.

Preventing HMPV is similar to preventing other respiratory viruses:

• Wash hands regularly.
• Avoid contact with people showing cold-like symptoms.
• Cover your nose and mouth when sneezing or coughing.
• Refrain from touching your face.
• Wear a mask in high-risk environments, especially for vulnerable groups.

In conclusion

HMPV is a common, seasonal virus that most people will encounter in childhood. While symptoms are usually mild, they can cause serious illness in certain high-risk groups. With no specific antiviral treatment, prevention through hygiene and avoiding contact with infected individuals remains key. As outbreaks continue, particularly in the winter months, staying informed and following public health guidelines is crucial to managing the impact on vulnerable populations.

As a business specialising in risk management and medical assistance, we’re closely monitoring global developments to support our clients in navigating these risks effectively. For more information please contact enquiries@healix.com